Ciri-Ciri Skim Takaful Kesihatan Mikro: Kajian Persepsi Dalam Kalangan B40
Characteristics of Micro Health Takaful Schemes: A Perception Study Among B40
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/muwafaqat.v6i2.160Keywords:
Ciri-ciri, Takaful Mikro, B40, Takaful Kesihatan, Syarikat TakafulAbstract
Dewasa ini, masalah kesihatan merupakan salah satu masalah sosial utama bagi sesebuah negara. Fenomena ini tidak dinafikan berupaya memberi kesan terhadap kestabilan ekonomi kewangan sesebuah masyarakat terutamanya masyarakat miskin. Perlindungan kesihatan mikro merupakan instrumen perancangan kewangan yang khusus untuk perbelanjaan kos perubatan dan rawatan kepada populasi miskin dan berpendapatan rendah. Namun begitu, skim kesihatan mikro seperti mySalam, PeKa B40, Perlindungan Tenang dan yang terbaru iaitu Skim Perubatan Madani adalah tidak bersifat menyeluruh dalam penawaran manfaatnya malah industri takaful mikro juga turut berdepan dengan isu dana risiko yang tidak mampan. Justeru, kajian ini menfokuskan kepada ciri-ciri skim model takaful kesihatan mikro yang khusus kepada masyarakat miskin dan berpendapatan rendah (B40). Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kajian kualitatif yang menggunakan kaedah temu bual separa berstruktur dalam mendapatkan data. Informan kajian ini terdiri daripada 12 orang ketua keluarga dari golongan B40 dan lapan orang pelaksana takaful yang dipilih di sekitar Lembah Klang. Hasil kajian mendapati ciri-ciri model skim takaful kesihatan mikro bagi golongan B40 adalah melibatkan dari sudut kontrak akad, penyaluran produk, kemampanan dana risiko, pengurusan kos penawaran takaful dan sumber dana tambahan. Diharapkan dapatan kajian ini memberi pencerahan dan input kepada syarikat takaful secara khusus dalam meningkatkan pembangunan produk takaful kesihatan yang berskala mikro kepada golongan B40 khususnya.
Nowadays, health problems are one of the main social problems for a country. This phenomenon undoubtedly affects the economic stability of a society, especially the poor. Micro health insurance is a financial planning instrument that is specific to medical expenses and treatment for the poor and low-income population. However, micro health schemes such as mySalam, PeKa B40, Perlindungan Tenang and the latest which is the Madani Medical Scheme are not comprehensive in their benefits and the micro takaful industry is also facing the issue of ineffective risk funds. Therefore, this study focuses on the characteristics of micro health takaful model schemes that are specific to poor and low-income communities (B40). This study is in the form of a qualitative study that uses the semi-structured interview method in obtaining data. The informants for this study consisted of 12 heads of families from the B40 group and some takaful implementers selected around the Klang Valley. The results of the study found that the characteristics of the micro health takaful model scheme for the B40 group are involved from the point of view of contracts, product distribution, sustainability of risk funds, cost management of takaful offerings and additional sources of funds. It is hoped that the findings of this study will provide enlightenment and input to takaful companies specifically to improve the development of micro-scale health takaful products for the B40 group in particular.
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