Pengubahan Perintah Nafkah Anak Berdasarkan Kos Sara Hidup Dari Perspektif Undang-Undang di Malaysia

Changes in Child Maintenance Orders Based on The Cost of Living From A Legal Perspective In Malaysia

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti peruntukan pengubahan perintah nafkah anak berdasarkan kos sara hidup berdasarkan undang-undang keluarga di Malaysia. Tanggungjawab bapa untuk memberikan nafkah kepada anak-anak wujud sama ada semasa perkahwinan atau selepas perceraian. Ibu berhak mengemukakan tuntutan nafkah bagi pihak anak-anaknya, dan mahkamah akan mengeluarkan perintah nafkah berdasarkan keperluan semasa, kebajikan dan kecukupan anak, serta kemampuan bapa. Namun, perintah nafkah ini bukanlah mutlak, dan undang-undang membenarkan permohonan untuk mengubah perintah tersebut jika terdapat ketidakpuasan hati terhadap kadar yang ditetapkan. Kajian ini menganalisis isu-isu permohonan pengubahan perintah nafkah anak dalam konteks kos sara hidup sebagai elemen dalam perubahan matan dalam kes-kes yang dibicarakan di mahkamah syariah dan mahkamah sivil. Data diperolehi melalui analisis dokumen yang melibatkan sumber primer seperti jurnal-jurnal perundangan dan statut perundangan keluarga Islam dan sivil, serta sumber sekunder seperti artikel, buku, jurnal, akhbar, laman sesawang, dan kajian-kajian lepas. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan komparatif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan peningkatan kos sara hidup merupakan faktor utama permohonan pengubahan perintah nafkah anak di kedua-dua jenis mahkamah. Kajian ini penting untuk memastikan kebajikan dan keperluan anak-anak diutamakan dalam kes-kes yang melibatkan pembayaran nafkah, serta mempertimbangkan kemampuan bapa sebagai pembayar nafkah.

This study aims to examine the changes in child support orders based on the cost of living by family law in Malaysia. The father's responsibility to provide child support exists whether during marriage or after divorce. Mothers are entitled to file child support claims on behalf of their children, and the court will issue support orders based on current needs, child welfare, and adequacy, as well as the father's ability to pay. However, these support orders are not absolute, and the law allows for modification requests if there is dissatisfaction with the determined amount. This study analyzes issues related to modification requests for child support orders in the context of the cost of living in both Shariah and civil courts. Data was collected through document analysis involving primary sources such as legal journals and statutes on Islamic and civil family law, as well as secondary sources such as articles, books, journals, newspapers, websites, and previous studies. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and comparatively. The findings indicate that the increase in the cost of living is a major factor for modification requests for child support orders in both types of courts. This study is crucial to ensure that the welfare and needs of children are prioritized in cases involving child support payments, while also considering the father's financial capacity as the primary provider.