Pemberhentian Pembayaran Nafkah Anak Melalui Perintah Pembatalan Di Mahkamah Syariah

Cessation of Child Support Payment Through Cancellation Order in Shariah Court

Abstract

Pembatalan perintah nafkah anak boleh dilakukan di mahkamah syariah setelah perintah nafkah anak dikuatkuasakan. Sebelum dikuatkuasakan oleh pengadu atau si ibu, ia perlu mendapatkan perintah yang telah dimeterai berdasarkan perbicaraan atau keputusan atas persetujuan kedua-dua pihak. Walau bagaimanapun, timbul permasalahan kajian apabila perintah nafkah tersebut terus berkuatkuasa sehingga anak telah melepasi had umur yang telah diperuntukkan dalam undang-undang. Si ibu telah menuntut tunggakan hutang apabila si bapa telah memberhentikan pembayaran nafkah dengan sendirinya apabila anak telah mencapai atau melepasi 18 tahun dan telah bekerja. Namun begitu, mahkamah telah membenarkan untuk tunggakan dikira walaupun telah melepasi tempoh had umur berdasarkan seksyen 79 Akta 303. Si bapa beranggapan, kuatkuasa perintah nafkah anak akan terhenti secara automatik apabila anak telah dikira dewasa dan mampu untuk mencari rezeki. Tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk meneliti secara kritis sama ada perintah nafkah anak tersebut boleh diberhentikan secara automatik atau perlu mendapatkan perintah pembatalan nafkah anak di mahkamah syariah. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif berdasarkan daripada pengumpulan data melalui kitab-kitab fiqh, kertas kajian, jurnal, kajian kes serta peruntukan undang-undang. Selain daripada itu, temu bual juga dilakukan bersama peguam syarie yang mengendalikan kes-kes tersebut dengan menggunakan metod kajian lapangan. Hasil kajian mendapati, perintah pembatalan nafkah diperlukan untuk memberhentikan pembayaran nafkah dengan memasukkan alasan-alasan seperti anak sudah melepasi 18 tahun dan bekerja. Hal ini juga termasuk dalam pembayaran melalui Perintah Tahanan Pendapatan Tenaga (PTPT) iaitu pemotongan gaji apabila majikan memerlukan perintah tersebut untuk memberhentikan pemotongan. Sekiranya perintah pembatalan nafkah anak tidak diperoleh, maka tunggakan nafkah akan terus dikira dan tuntutan hutang tersebut boleh dilakukan jika tiada pembayaran oleh si bapa. Maka cadangan bagi memudahkan proses pemberhentian pembatalan nafkah ini adalah mewujudkan satu sistem yang membolehkan semakan melalui KWSP iaitu sekiranya terdapat akaun yang aktif melalui sistem E-Syariah, maka secara automatiknya pembayaran nafkah boleh dihentikan.

Cancellation of the child support order can be done in the Sharia court after the child support order has been enforced. Before being enforced by the complainant or the mother, it is necessary to obtain an order that has been sealed based on a trial or a decision on the agreement of both parties. However, a research problem arises when the maintenance order continues to be in effect until the child has passed the age limit that has been provided for in the law. The mother has claimed debt arrears when the father has stopped paying alimony by himself when the child has reached or passed 18 years and has been working. Nevertheless, the court has allowed the claim to be counted despite having passed the age limit period of section 79 of Act 303. The father thinks that the child support order will automatically stop when the child is considered an adult and able to earn a living. The purpose of this study is to critically examine whether the child support order should be terminated automatically or if a child support cancellation order is required. The method used in this study is qualitative based on data collection through jurisprudence books, research papers, journals, case studies and legal provisions. Apart from that, interviews were also conducted with syarie lawyers who handled the cases using field research methods. The results of the study found that an alimony cancellation order is required to stop the payment of alimony by including reasons such as children aged 18 and older. This is also included in the payment through the Withholding of Energy Income Order (PTPT) which is the deduction of wages when the employer needs the order to stop the deduction. If the child maintenance cancellation order is not obtained, then the arrears of maintenance will continue to be calculated and the debt claim can be made if there is no payment by the father. Therefore, the proposal to facilitate the process of stopping the cancellation of alimony is to create a system that allows review through the EPF, that is, if there is an active account through the E-Syariah system, then automatically the payment of alimony can be stopped.